Which of the following statements is true in the context of the testing of a hypothesis

Which of the following statements is true in the context of the testing of a hypothesis?
1). It is only the alternative hypothesis, which can be tested.
2). It is only the null hypothesis that can be tested.
3). Both, the alternative and the null hypotheses can be tested.
4). Both, the alternative and the null hypotheses cannot be tested.

The correct answer is: 2) It is only the null hypothesis that can be tested.

Explanation:

1. In hypothesis testing, we always test the null hypothesis (H₀).
2. The null hypothesis represents the assumption that there is no effect or no significant difference.
3. The alternative hypothesis (H₁) is what we seek evidence for, but we do not test it directly.
4. Based on statistical analysis, we either reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Thus, only the null hypothesis can be directly tested in hypothesis testing.

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